play框架入门(1)

abloz 2015-06-03
2015-06-03

周海汉 2015.6.3

概述:

play框架是用scala写的scala和java的框架,支持高并发,web和JPA。play框架得到一些互联网新兴企业的喜爱,相较spring,struts和hibernate/mybatis而言,更简单高效。修改完代码无需重新打包部署,浏览器直接看到修改。

官网

https://playframework.com/

下载,最新版2.4,是基于sbt的activator 进行编译管理的:

老的版本2.2以前不需要activator

https://playframework.com/download#older-versions

http://downloads.typesafe.com/play/2.2.4/play-2.2.4.zip

我们下载2.2.4.

  1. 生成新app,名字为 zhh

play new zhh

会让你选择项目名称,所用语言。我们选java。

生成的文件:

./.classpath

./.gitignore

./.project

./.settings

./.settings/org.eclipse.core.resources.prefs

./.settings/org.scala-ide.play2.prefs

./.settings/org.scala-ide.sdt.core.prefs

./app

./app/controllers

./app/controllers/Application.java

./app/views

./app/views/index.scala.html

./app/views/main.scala.html

./build.sbt

./conf

./conf/application.conf

./conf/routes

./logs

./project

./project/build.properties

./project/plugins.sbt

./project/project

2.运行,指定9001端口

zhh@zhh % play “run 9001”

  1. 在浏览器访问

http://localhost:9001/

可以看到 Your new application is ready.

后面是play的介绍和原理解释。

4.关键文件

conf/routers配置路由:

Home page

GET     /                           controllers.Application.index()

Map static resources from the /public folder to the /assets URL path

GET     /assets/*file               controllers.Assets.at(path=”/public”, file)

app/controllers/Application.java

package controllers;

import play.*;

import play.mvc.*;

import views.html.*;

public class Application extends Controller {

public static Result index() {

return ok(index.render(“Your new application is ready.世界,你好!”));

}

}

模板放在views里面。 模板的语言是scala,scala相当于简化和方便化的java语言,用于模板很强大,可以实现模板继承等关系。

app/views/index.scala.html

@(message: String)

@main(“Welcome to Play”) {

@play20.welcome(message, style = “Java”)

app/views/main.scala.html

@(title: String)(content: Html)

<!DOCTYPE html>

@title <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="@routes.Assets.at("_stylesheets__/__main.css__")"_> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="@routes.Assets.at("_images__/__favicon.png__")"_> <script src="@routes.Assets.at("_javascripts__/__jquery-1.9.0.min.js__")"_ type="text/javascript"></script> @content

}

5.原理

用户通过浏览器访问根/时,play框架会根据routers里面的配置,找到controllers.Application.index(),这会调用Application类的index()函数,

index.render(“Your new application is ready.世界,你好!”)

会将“Your new application is ready.世界,你好!”传到index.scala.html. index.scala.html再调用main.scala.html, 将消息和@play20的内容传递到main模板。

我们修改一下程序和模板,进行测试。

首先,将index.scala.html修改为index1.scala.html

刷新浏览器,报错:

compile error 错误: 找不到符号

将Application index函数内容改为:

return ok(index1.render(“Your new application is ready.世界,你好!”);

则没有报错。

我们再给模板传递多一个参数,修改Application.java:

return ok(index1.render(“Your new application is ready.世界,你好!”,”zhh 测试内容”));

index1.scala.html修改为:

@(message1: String,message2:String)

@main(“Welcome to Play”,message2) {

@play20.welcome(message1, style = “Java”)

main.scala.html修改为:

@(title: String, msg:String)(content: Html)

<!DOCTYPE html>

@title <link rel="stylesheet" media="screen" href="@routes.Assets.at("_stylesheets__/__main.css__")"_> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="@routes.Assets.at("_images__/__favicon.png__")"_> <script src="@routes.Assets.at("_javascripts__/__jquery-1.9.0.min.js__")"_ type="text/javascript"></script>

_@msg_

@content

刷新后,看到我从程序传递到web模板的内容。

}


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